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Jewelery or jewelry is an item of personal decoration, such as a necklace, ring, brooch or bracelet, that is worn by a man. It may be shaped from gemstones or valuable metals, but may be from any supplementary material, and may be appreciated because of geometric or other patterns, or meaningful symbols.Earrings and other body rings are also considered to be jewelery, while body art is not.

Also, items affixed to a garment, such as buttons, are not considered to be jewellery, even if they are unusual and highly ornamental.

The word jewelery is derived from the word jewel, which was Anglicized from the Old French “jouel” circa the 13th century.Further tracing leads back to the Latin word “jocale”, meaning plaything.Jewelery is one of the oldest forms of body decoration, newly found 100,000 year-old beads complete from Nassarius shells are thought to be the oldest known jewelery.

Jewelery is sometimes seen as wealth storage or functionally as holding a garment or hair collectively. It has from very early times also been regarded as a form of personal adornment. The first pieces of jewelery were made from common materials, such as bone, animal teeth, shell, wood and carved stone. More exotic jewelery was probably created for wealthy people or as sign of social status. In some cases people were buried with their jewelery.

Jewelery has been made to decorate nearly every body part, from hairpins to toe rings and many more types of jewelery. While high-quality jewelery is made with gemstones and precious metals, such as silver or gold, there is also a growing requirement for art jewelery where design and creativity is prized above material price. In addition, there is the less costly costume jewelery, made from lower value materials and mass-produced.

Females are more eager then man to buy jewelery.The percentage of jewelery buying is increasing day by day very speedily.No one can ignore importance of jewellery.

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Gold is one of the most precious metals in the world, and has always been a symbol of wealth and luxury. It has been in use for centuries for different purposes such as jewellery, gold coins, dentistry, biology and manufacturing. It fetches a high price in the market, and the rate of gold is an important part of the economy of the world.

Besides the use of gold in manufacturing beautiful and attractive ornaments, it also has several other useful aspects. The multiple uses of this precious element make it extremely desirable not only amongst users but also for the betterment of the economy of the world. It can be converted in to wires or thin sheets. Moreover, it is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Thus, due to all these properties, it can be used for manufacturing electrical equipments.

Most of the people know about its usage in jewellery making, but science is far ahead in using this metal than these ornamental purposes. Due to all the characteristics of this metal, it is used in the manufacturing of spacecrafts. Discovery of gold has made possible the visit of man to the moon. Once the spacecraft is set off, it is nearly impossible to repair it or check it for lubrication issues. So, the use of gold in the manufacturing of space shuttle is a wise step. Gold can withstand a number of environmental and other harmful effects.

Due to the property of electricity conduction, it is used in the circuits of the spaceships. Moreover, it is also used for keeping the temperature of the spaceship stable. Temperature needs to be kept at a certain level so, gold is used along with the polyester covering. It initiates the reflection of infrared radiations thus, leading to the stability of the temperature.

Gold sheets with thickness of around 0.15 millimetres are used as a radiation sheet as they affectively reflect the light of the sun. Gold is also used as a lubricant between the various mechanical parts of the spacecraft. If any other lubricant was used, it would not have withstood the radiation in space and would have volatilized. Since gold is very malleable and ductile, it is easy to create very thin gold sheets that are used as lubricants between parts of metal.

Furthermore, it is used in the helmets of the space visitors. It is transformed into a thin electroplated sheet which is fitted in the visor for preventing the deadly solar rays. Thus, these rays are refracted back and the vision of the wearer remains safe.

The use of gold is very important in the manufacture of spacecrafts. The space travel has been increased over several years which also raised the value of gold to an enormous degree. Nearly all the spacecrafts designed by the NASA are made up of gold, used in several different forms. The US Columbia Space Shuttle has a record gold consumption in various forms including reflectors, conductors and soldering of alloys. Gold is a precious element, having innumerable characteristics, which made the space journey possible.

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Gold is one of the most popular and precious metals for investment today. Historically, gold has remained a measure of wealth as well as the medium of exchange for many years. It is more than just a commodity; it is unofficially a currency used all over the world. Central banks, all over the world, use gold to backup their respective currencies.

People invest in gold for two main reasons. Firstly, they get profit from it when gold prices rise, and secondly, they use it as a prevarication of their wealth in economic crisis.

There are various methods of investing in gold. The most straightforward way is to buy it in the shape of gold bars, coins or bullions. They are a great way of preserving wealth and passing it on from one generation to another. Gold in this form can either be bought over the counter or through a gold dealer. This can be termed as the least risky of all gold investment strategies.

One can also make investment in gold by investing in gold exchanges traded funds, which are actually shares that can be traded on the stock exchanges all over the world. If you invest in ETF, you do not have to physically invest in gold. Likewise, buying gold certificates allows the investors to trade and invest in gold without storing it physically. Gold mining companies also sell their shares to public. This is a great way of investing in gold as well. But it is a matter of critical importance that the investors must confirm the repute and the financial standing of the gold mining companies they are investing in. When the gold prices rise, not only the company but also the investors reap high profits.

Gold accounts services are offered by a few banks in the world. Such account holders trade in gold, just like they would trade in any other foreign currency. They get the account ownership plus the gold.

Besides the above mentioned strategies, gold derivatives are also a popular investment. These include gold futures and gold futures options, which can be used for hedging or speculating. It is important to keep in mind, however, that dealing in gold derivatives is a risky strategy that requires skills and experience. First time investors, or risk adverse investors should be investing in physical gold rather than dealing in derivatives.

Investors must have a diverse portfolio in terms of investment to avoid any kind of risk. Investors believe that gold can diversify their portfolio by making it strong. Without a doubt, gold is a solid investment option, and gold prices do not alter even in times of recession or economical crisis. Lately, dollar has been devalued to such an extent that investors are finding a better alternate in terms of investment. Hence, they have started investing in commodities. We are going through hard times and investors tend to invest in precious commodities and metals, particularly in gold. In fact, every healthy portfolio should have gold investment on it.

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A gold rush occurs when there is a discovery of gold in an area, and it attracts people to migrate to there to try their luck. Gold rushes have been experienced in a number of countries like United States, Canada, Australia and Brazil.

The gold rush was a time of great optimism in which many people tried their luck in order to become wealthy. It was also a competitive time, with people trying to out run each other in the prospect of finding gold. They also helped spur cultures in the cities by initiating economic growth.

The usual start of any gold rush was always a famous gold discovery by a certain individual. Gold is typically found in streambeds, or mixed with sand and even gravel. Initial mining used to be easier, and could be done with basic tools like pans, and it did not even require a lot of skills. But, this was just in the beginning; on later stages, more sophisticated machinery and techniques like hydraulic mining were used to mine on an industrial scale.

Many people travelled to areas where gold was discovered, to try their hand at it. People left behind families and loved ones in search of wealth. During the California Gold Rush, which was one of the most famous gold rushes in history, around 300,000 gold prospectors travelled to California. Many faced serious hardships on the way as there were no modern methods of travelling, and some even died during the journey. Some of them even faced various deadly diseases on their way, such as cholera and chicken pox.

This gold rush came with all the problems they are normally associated with, in fact even bigger ones. The sudden rush of miners increased the population to what was not planned for. Most of them had to come with empty pockets, and this only made the situation worse; people were even living in tents. They would help each other to build camps around any area with a gold discovery. Basic living facilities like toilets, sanitation or garbage disposal systems were unheard of, and the living standards were shocking.

The situation in these camps was a mess as suggested by all the available data for these times. No one had any money so, stealing and looting was a common behaviour. Drinking and gambling were other social problems faced by this community. There used to be a lot of fights eventually resulting in death. Prices for everything were so high that a person could hardly afford to eat, let alone enjoy anything luxurious.

Gold mining did not bring in a steady pay cheque, and so many women were left with no choice but to find work while their husbands were off to discover gold. Women of those times were banned from becoming miners and most of them had to settle for low-level jobs. Many of them lost their husbands to mining accidents which were very common.

The gold rush came as a good time for some people and bad for others. A few people were able to earn a fortune, and became wealthy; many ended with only a little more than what they had started with.